Journal: PLOS One
Article Title: Biomaterial-associated molecular patterns (BAMPs) modulate macrophage polarization in bone grafting
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0345787
Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Representative confocal microscopy images demonstrate iNOS expression in macrophages post-treatment with control PBS, LPS, IL-4, DMB at 50 µg/mL of DMSP, and the DCC group with DCSP at 50 µg/mL. Nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue), while iNOS displays a red fluorescence signal labelled with PE fluorochrome as the intracellular marker. The merged images of DAPI and iNOS-PE include a 25 µm scale bar. (B) Confocal microscopy images exhibit the immunofluorescence for the macrophage marker Arg-1. Nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue), and Arg-1 is marked by a green fluorescence signal labelled with the Alexa Fluor 488 fluorochrome as the intracellular marker. (C) and (D) represent the graphical presentation of the percentage of iNOS-positive and arginase-1-positive cells, respectively. The notation ns indicates no significance, while ****p ≤ 0.0001, **p ≤ 0.01.
Article Snippet: Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) for 20 min at room temperature, then permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) in PBS for 5 min. Macrophages were immunostained with Phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated anti-iNOS antibody for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression (NBP2−22119PE, Novus).
Techniques: Confocal Microscopy, Expressing, Control, Staining, Fluorescence, Marker, Immunofluorescence